These tests can help determine whether your kidneys are functioning as they should. Kidney failure is classified into five stages. These range from very mild stage 1 to complete kidney failure stage 5.
Symptoms and complications increase as the stages progress. This stage is very mild. You may experience no symptoms and have no visible complications. Some damage is present. This includes eating a balanced diet, regularly exercising, and not using tobacco products. Maintaining a healthy weight is important, too.
Stage 2 kidney disease is still considered a mild form, but detectable issues like protein in urine or physical damage to the kidneys may be more obvious. The same lifestyle approaches that helped in stage 1 are still used in stage 2.
Also talk with your doctor about other risk factors that could make the disease progress more rapidly. These include heart disease, inflammation, and blood disorders. At this stage kidney disease is considered moderate.
Stage 3 kidney disease is sometimes divided into 3A and 3B. A blood test that measures the amount of waste products in your body differentiates between the two. Symptoms may become more apparent at this stage. Swelling in hands and feet, back pain, and changes to urination frequently are likely. Lifestyle approaches may help. Your doctor may also consider medications to treat underlying conditions that could speed up failure. Stage 4 kidney disease is considered moderate to severe. Symptoms can include complications like anemia, high blood pressure, and bone disease.
A healthy lifestyle is still vital. Your doctor will likely have you on treatments designed to slow damage. In stage 5, your kidneys are nearing or are in complete failure. Symptoms of the loss of kidney function will be evident. These include vomiting and nausea, trouble breathing, itchy skin, and more. There are several treatments for kidney failure.
The type of treatment you need will depend on the reason for your kidney failure. Dialysis filters and purifies the blood using a machine. The machine performs the function of the kidneys. Depending on the type of dialysis, you may be connected to a large machine or a portable catheter bag.
Another treatment option is a kidney transplant. A transplanted kidney can work normally, and dialysis is no longer needed. If you have a living donor the process may go more quickly. You must take immunosuppressive drugs after the surgery to prevent your body from rejecting the new kidney. These drugs have their own side effects, some of which are serious. Learn more about mental health and how to get help. Starting dialysis often means creating a new normal for yourself and your family.
Your kidneys do many jobs to keep you healthy. Cleaning your blood is only one of their jobs. They also control chemicals and fluids in your body, help control your blood pressure and help make red blood cells. Dialysis can do only some, not all, of the jobs that healthy kidneys do. Learn more about the complications of kidney failure. Dialysis helps to do some of the work that your kidneys did when they were healthy, but it cannot do everything that healthy kidneys do.
Therefore, even when you are on dialysis, you will need to limit what and how much you eat and drink. Your diet needs may depend on the type of dialysis you are on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis and your treatment schedule. Learn more about the diet for living with kidney failure. Learn what healthy eating means for people in every stage of kidney disease, including those on dialysis or living with a kidney transplant.
If you have one or more of the risk factors for developing CKD, it is important to ask your doctor to check your kidney function. A sudden drop in kidney function is called acute kidney failure. This can be life threatening and requires immediate treatment. Causes of acute kidney failure can be divided into three groups:. Acute kidney failure is often short-lived and many people with acute kidney failure need dialysis while they are waiting for their kidneys to recover.
Sometimes, treatment is a matter of controlling blood pressure and blood chemistry, while waiting for kidney function to return. The outcome for people with acute kidney failure depends on the underlying cause and presence or absence of other medical conditions. In cases where the cause is pre-renal or post-renal, the kidneys often recover well once the factor causing it is removed. Acute kidney failure is less common than chronic ongoing kidney failure.
A number of tests can be used to measure kidney function. If CKD is found, tests may be used to determine:. This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:.
Bedwetting is a problem for many children and punishing them for it will only add to their distress. Your bladder is a hollow organ that stores urine from the kidneys. Bladder cancer affects twice as many men as women. Bladder prolapse is when the bladder bulges into the vagina. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, can increase your risk of heart attack, kidney failure and stroke.
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The information and materials contained on this website are not intended to constitute a comprehensive guide concerning all aspects of the therapy, product or treatment described on the website. All users are urged to always seek advice from a registered health care professional for diagnosis and answers to their medical questions and to ascertain whether the particular therapy, service, product or treatment described on the website is suitable in their circumstances.
The State of Victoria and the Department of Health shall not bear any liability for reliance by any user on the materials contained on this website. What is Kidney Failure? What is kidney failure? What causes kidney failure? What happens when kidneys fail? You may have some of the following symptoms: nausea trouble sleeping poor appetite weakness tiredness itching weight loss muscle cramps especially in the legs swelling of your feet or ankles anemia a low blood count trouble sleeping Once you begin treatment for kidney failure, your symptoms will improve and you will begin to feel much better.
What treatments are available for kidney failure? Two different types of dialysis can be done — hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
Both remove waste products and extra fluid from your blood. A kidney transplant is an operation that places a healthy kidney in your body. What is the best treatment for me? Will I need to take medicines or follow a special diet? Click here for more information on nutrition.
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